Palestine’s Gaza Strip: Iran supports Palestinian Islamist factions Hamas and Islamic Jihad. The Gaza Strip's rulers, Hamas, carried out the fatal strike against Israel on October 7 that began the current Middle East war. Iran portrays itself as a supporter of Palestinian resistance to the Israeli occupation. Hamas is fighting Israeli troops during Israel's invasion of Gaza.
Iran’s presence in Lebanon: Iranian operational and financial support helped shape Hezbollah into a strong militia that acted as a substantial deterrent to Israel. Hezbollah's symbolic and strategic victories over Israel boosted Iran's influence in Levantine politics and increased its appeal throughout the Arab world.
Iran’s involvement in Yemen: Iran has provided political, economic, and military support to the Houthi rebels, who control large parts of northern Yemen and are engaged in a civil war with the internationally recognized government. The nature and extent of this support is disputed, with some claiming it includes direct military assistance like weapons and training, while others maintain it's primarily humanitarian and diplomatic aid. Iran’s backing for the Houthis is driven by various factors, including ideological affinity, regional rivalry with Saudi Arabia (which backs the Yemeni government), and a desire to counter what it perceives as American and Israeli influence in the region.
Iran’s involvement in Syria: Syria is an important transit point for Iranian proxies between Iraq and Lebanon. After the Syrian civil war began in 2011, Iran intervened to support President Bashar al-Assad, sending Guards advisers and warriors from Iraq, Pakistan, and Afghanistan. Lebanese Hezbollah joined these forces in their fight to keep Assad in power. They remain stationed throughout Syria.
Iran’s involvement with Pakistan: Iran and Pakistan exchange missiles and airstrikes. The two countries are at odds over Baloch separatist insurgent activities. Pakistan is accused by Iran of harboring the Pakistani-based Jaish al-Adl insurgent group. The organization claimed a December strike that killed Iranian security officers. Pakistan fired missiles at Iranian sites in Balochistan after Iran's air attacks. Pakistan bombed purported insurgent hideouts in Iran, killing nine. Since then, Iran and Pakistan have deescalated.
Possible Conclusion: It has been found that the Houthis rebels have been disrupting extremely busy trade routes in the Red Sea area which are used by developed nations like USA. It has been argued that there is a possibility of retaliation by Pakistan because of pressure by USA government to keep Iran busy on Pakistan’s borders so that they don’t have capacity to support Houthi rebels.
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